Indian Penal Code

"Ratanlal and Dhirajlal's THE INDIAN PENAL CODE is a legal classic. It is the most original, authentic, dependable and brilliant work having a profound impact on its vast readership that covers judges, lawyers, police officers, administrators, law teachers and academicians, students, research scholars and in fact every one who is in any way concerned with the administration of Criminal Law and Justice in this country.The fact that it has entered into 31st edition speaks volumes about the undisputed quality and standard of this work and its undiminishing appeal to its readership which has only grown with the passage of time. While time has always beaten men and matter, this gem of a classic has literally scored over it and lives today to immortalise its authors. A good work as it is, it is the very life-blood of its authors.""Revised under the Chief Editorship of the eminent jurist Hon'ble Mr. Justice Y.V. Chandrachud, Former Chief Justice of India in collaboration with Shri V.R. Manohar, Former Advocate-General of Maharashtra, Senior Advocate Supreme Court of India, Ex-Chairman Bar Council of Maharashtra, Chief Editor, All India Reporter, Criminal Law Journal, AIR Manual, etc. this work of the great masters will retain its freshness and appeal.The present 31st edition has been thoroughly revised and at places even re-written in the light of all statutory amendments and plethora of cases that have emerged during the last 5 years. So also, the entire impact of drastic changes brought out in the Criminal Law by the passage of (New), Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 has been absorbed wherever required and discussed at length with original comments in this revised work. State Amendments have been incorporated under appropriate sections in the body of the book.""Completing more than a century of its existence, since the first edition of this monumental work was published in 1896, and having practically surpassed more than a lakh of circulation-mark by now, this glorious work of the celebrated authors in its present edition, will find ready and whole-hearted acceptance.In all its glory this New Edition, thoroughly revised, is now released with the fondest of all hopes that it will meet the tumultuous welcome from its vast readership.""General Contents · I. Introduction, · II. General Explanations, · III. Of punishments, · IV. General Exceptions; Right of Private Defence, · V. Of Abetment, · VA. Criminal Conspiracy, · VI. Of Offences Against The State, · VII. Of Offences Relating to The Army, Navy and Air Force, · VIII. Of Offences Against The Public Tranquillity, · IX. Of Offences By or Relating to Public Servants, IXA. Of Offences Relating to Elections, · X. Of Contempts of The Lawful Authority of Public Servants, · XI. Of False Evidence and Offences Against Public Justice, · XII. Of Offences Relating to Coin and Government Stamps, · XIII. Of Offences Relating to Weights and Measures, · XIV. Of Offences Affecting The Public Health, Saftey, Convenience, Decency and Morals, · XV. Of Offences Relating to Religion, · XVI. Of Offences Affecting The Human Body; Offence affecting life, Causing of Miscarriage, Injuries to Unborn Children, Exposure of infants, Concealment of births, Hurt, Wrongful Restraint ""and Wrongful Confinement, Criminal force and Assault, Kindnapping, Abduction, Slavery and Forced Labour, Sexual Offences, Unnatural Offences, · XVII. Of Offences Against Property; Theft, Extortion, Robbery and Dacoity, Criminal Misappropriation of Property, Criminal Breach of Trust, Receiving of Stolen Property, Cheating, Fraudulent Deeds and Dispositions of Property, Mischief, Criminal Trespass, · XVIII. Of Offences Relating to Documents and to Property Marks; Property and other Marks, Currency-Notes and Bank-Notes, · XIX. Of The Criminal Breach of Contracts of Service, · XX. Of Offences Relating to Marriage, · XX-A. Of Cruelty By Husband or Relatives of Husband, · XXI. Of Defamations, · XXII. Of Criminal Intimidation, Insult and Annoyance, · XXIII. Of Attempts to Commit Offences."

ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
GENERAL INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
PREAMBLE ....................................................................................................................................... 11
SECTION
S. 1. Title and extent of operation of the Code .......................................................................... 13
S. 2. Punishment of offences committed within India ............................................................... 45
S. 3. Punishment of offences committed beyond, but which by law may be tried within, India ............................................................................................................................... 52
S. 4. Extension of Code to extra-territorial offences ................................................................. 54
S. 5. Certain laws not to be affected by this Act........................................................................ 64
CHAPTER II
GENERAL EXPLANATIONS
S. 6. Definitions in the Code to be understood subject to exceptions........................................ 69
S. 7. Sense of expression once explained .................................................................................. 71
S. 8. Gender ............................................................................................................................... 72
S. 9. Number............................................................................................................................. 72
S. 10. “Man”, “Woman” .............................................................................................................. 73
S. 11. “Person”............................................................................................................................ 73
S. 12. “Public.” ............................................................................................................................ 78
S. 13. [Definition of “Queen”]—Repealed by the Adaptation of Laws Order, 1950 .................. 78
S. 14. “Servant of Government” .................................................................................................. 78
S. 15. [Definition of “British India”]—Repealed by the Government of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1937 .......................................................................................... 78
S. 16. [Definition of “Government of India”]—Repealed by the Government of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1937 ...................................................................... 78
S. 17. “Government.”................................................................................................................... 78
S. 18. “India.” .............................................................................................................................. 79
S. 19. “Judge” .............................................................................................................................. 79
S. 20. “Court of Justice” .............................................................................................................. 80
S. 21. “Public servant.”................................................................................................................ 81
S. 22. “Moveable Property.”........................................................................................................ 99
S. 23. “Wrongful gain.” ............................................................................................................... 100
“Wrongful loss.”............................................................................................................. 101
Gaining wrongfully : Losing wrongfully........................................................................ 101
S. 24. “Dishonestly.” ................................................................................................................... 102
xviii THE INDIAN PENAL CODE
SECTIONS PAGES
S. 25. “Fraudulently.” .................................................................................................................. 104
S. 26. “Reason to believe.” .......................................................................................................... 109
S. 27. Property in possession of wife, clerk or servant................................................................ 111
S. 28. “Counterfeit.” .................................................................................................................... 116
S. 29. “Document.”..................................................................................................................... 118
S. 29-A. Electronic record ............................................................................................................... 120
S. 30. “Valuable security.” .......................................................................................................... 120
S. 31. “A will.” ............................................................................................................................ 124
S. 32. Words referring to acts include illegal omissions.............................................................. 124
S. 33. ‘Act,’ ‘Omission’............................................................................................................... 125
S. 34. Acts done by several persons in furtherance of common intention................................... 126
S. 35. When such an act is criminal by reason of its being done with a criminal knowledge or intention ................................................................................................... 228
S. 36. Effect caused partly by act and partly by omission ........................................................... 229
S. 37. Co-operation by doing one of several acts constituting an offence................................... 229
S. 38. Persons concerned in criminal act may be guilty of different offences............................. 230
S. 39. “Voluntarily” ..................................................................................................................... 233
S. 40. “Offence.”......................................................................................................................... 234
S. 41. “Special law.” .................................................................................................................... 238
S. 42. “Local law.”....................................................................................................................... 240
S. 43. “Illegal”, “Legally bound to do.”....................................................................................... 240
S. 44. “Injury.”............................................................................................................................ 241
S. 45. “Life”................................................................................................................................ 243
S. 46. “Death”............................................................................................................................. 243
S. 47. “Animal”........................................................................................................................... 243
S. 48. “Vessel”............................................................................................................................ 243
S. 49. “Year”. “month.” ............................................................................................................... 243
S. 50. “Section” ........................................................................................................................... 244
S. 51. “Oath”............................................................................................................................... 244
S. 52. “Good faith.” ..................................................................................................................... 244
S. 52-A. “Harbour” .......................................................................................................................... 246
CHAPTER III
OF PUNISHMENTS
S. 53. “Punishments.” .................................................................................................................. 247
S. 53-A. Construction of reference to transportation ....................................................................... 279
S. 54. Commutation of sentence of death .................................................................................... 281
S. 55. Commutation of sentence of imprisonment for life........................................................... 285
S. 55-A. Definition of “appropriate Government”........................................................................... 286
S. 56. [Omitted by Act XVII of 1949, S. 2(2).] ........................................................................... 286
S. 57. Fractions of terms of punishment ...................................................................................... 286
S. 58. [Omitted by Act XXVI of 1955, S. 117 and Sch.] ............................................................ 287
S. 59. [Omitted by Act XXVI of 1955, S. 117 and Sch.] ............................................................ 287
S. 60. Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple............................................................................................................................. 288
S. 61. [Repealed by the Indian Penal Code (Amendment) Act, 1921 (XVI of 1921), S. 4.]....... 288
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS xix
SECTIONS PAGES
S. 62. [Repealed by the Indian Penal Code (Amendment) Act, 1921 (XVI of 1921), S. 4.]....... 288
S. 63. Amount of fine .................................................................................................................. 288
S. 64. Sentence of imprisonment for non-payment of fine .......................................................... 289
S. 65. Limit to imprisonment for non-payment of fine, when imprisonment and fine awardable....................................................................................................................... 291
S. 66. Description of imprisonment for non-payment of fine...................................................... 293
S. 67. Imprisonment for non-payment of fine when offence punishable with fine only ............. 293
S. 68. Imprisonment to terminate on payment of fine ................................................................. 294
S. 69. Termination of imprisonment on payment of proportional part of fine............................. 294
S. 70. Fine leviable within six years, or during imprisonment .................................................... 295
Death not to discharge property from liability .................................................................. 295
S. 71. Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences ........................................... 298
S. 72. Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, the judgment stating that it is doubtful of which........................................................................................................ 308
S. 73. Solitary confinement.......................................................................................................... 308
S. 74. Limit of solitary confinement ............................................................................................ 310
S. 75. Enhanced punishment for certain offences under Chapter XII or Chapter XVII after previous conviction ................................................................................................ 311
CHAPTER IV
GENERAL EXCEPTIONS
S. 76. Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law....... 326
S. 77. Act of Judge when acting judicially .................................................................................. 331
S. 78. Act done pursuant to the judgment or order of Court........................................................ 332
S. 79. Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law ................................................................................................................................. 333
S. 80. Accident in doing a lawful act........................................................................................... 342
S. 81. Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm............................................................................................................................... 346
S. 82. Act of a child under seven years of age............................................................................. 356
S. 83. Act of child above seven and under twelve of immature under-standing ......................... 357
S. 84. Act of a person of unsound mind ...................................................................................... 361
S. 85. Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will................................................................................................................................. 395
S. 86. Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated ...................................................................................................................... 403
S. 87. Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent....................................................................................................................... 407
S. 88. Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person’s benefit ....... 409
S. 89. Act done in good faith for benefit of child or insane person, by or by consent of guardian .......................................................................................................................... 412
Provisos .......................................................................................................................... 412
S. 90. Consent known to be given under fear or misconception.................................................. 413
Consent of insane person................................................................................................... 413
Consent of child................................................................................................................. 413
S. 91. Exclusion of acts which are offences Independently of harm caused ............................... 415
S. 92. Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent ........................................ 416
xx THE INDIAN PENAL CODE
SECTIONS PAGES
S. 93. Communication made in good faith .................................................................................. 417
S. 94. Act to which a person is compelled by threats .................................................................. 418
S. 95. Act causing slight harm ..................................................................................................... 422
Of the right of Private Defence S. 96. Things done in private defence.......................................................................................... 427
S. 97. Right of private defence of the body and of property........................................................ 458
S. 98. Right of private defence against the act of a person of unsound mind, etc ....................... 473
S. 99. Acts against which there is no right of private defence..................................................... 473
Extent to which the right may be exercised....................................................................... 474
S. 100. When the right of private defence of the body extends to causing death .......................... 493
S. 101. When such right extends to causing any harm other than death........................................ 520
S. 102. Commencement and continuance of the right of private defence of the body .................. 521
S. 103. When the right of private defence of property extends to causing death .......................... 527
S. 104. When such right extends to causing any harm other than death........................................ 537
S. 105. Commencement and continuance of the right of private defence of property................... 540
S. 106. Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person............................................................................................................... 542
CHAPTER V
OF ABETMENT
S. 107. Abetment of a thing ........................................................................................................... 545
S. 108. Abettor.............................................................................................................................. 567
S. 108-A. Abetment in India of offences outside India ..................................................................... 572
S. 109. Punishment of abetment if the act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment............................................................ 572
S. 110. Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor.................................................................................................................. 583
S. 111. Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done....................................... 583
Proviso.............................................................................................................................. 583
S. 112. Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done .............. 587
S. 113. Liability of abettor for an effect caused by the act abetted different from that intended by the abettor ................................................................................................... 587
S. 114. Abettor present when offence is committed ...................................................................... 588
S. 115. Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life—if offence not committed ................................................................................................................. 593
S. 116. Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment—if offence be not committed......... 594
if abettor or person abetted be a public servant whose duty it is to prevent offence......... 595
S. 117. Abetting commission of offence by the public or by more than ten persons .................... 598
S. 118. Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life.................................................................................................................................. 600
if offence be committed .................................................................................................. 600
if offence be not committed ............................................................................................ 600
S. 119. Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent ........ 601
if offence be punishable with death, etc; ........................................................................... 601
if offence be not committed............................................................................................... 601
S. 120. Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment .............................. 602
if offence be committed;................................................................................................. 602
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS xxi
SECTIONS PAGES
if offence be not committed ............................................................................................ 602
CHAPTER V-A
CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY
S. 120-A. Definition of criminal conspiracy...................................................................................... 605
S. 120-B. Punishment of criminal conspiracy ................................................................................... 628
CHAPTER VI
OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE STATE
S. 121. Waging, or attempting to wage war or abetting waging of war against the
Government of India....................................................................................................... 647
S. 121-A. Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by Section 121 .............................................. 653
S. 122. Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against the Government of India............................................................................................................................... 657
S. 123. Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war.................................................... 658
S. 124. Assaulting President Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain the exercise of any lawful power........................................................................................................ 659
S. 124-A. Sedition............................................................................................................................. 659
S. 125. Waging war against any Asiatic Power in alliance with the Government of India ........... 674
S. 126. Committing depredation on territories of Power at peace with the Government of India............................................................................................................................... 674
S. 127. Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in Sections 125 and 126 ................................................................................................................................. 675
S. 128. Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war to escape............................. 676
S. 129. Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape............................................ 677
S. 130. Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner ................................................... 677
CHAPTER VII
OF OFFENCES RELATING TO THE ARMY,
NAVY AND AIR FORCE
S. 131. Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airman from his duty ......... 681
S. 132. Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof............................... 682
S. 133. Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior office, when in execution of his office .................................................................................................... 683
S. 134. Abetment of such assault, if the assault is committed ....................................................... 683
S. 135. Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman ............................................................ 684
S. 136. Harbouring deserter ........................................................................................................... 685
S. 137. Deserter concealed on board, merchant vessel through negligence of master .................. 685
S. 138. Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman ....................................... 686
S. 138-A. [Application of foregoing sections to the Indian Marine Service.] Repealed by S. 2 and Sch. of Act XXXV of 1934 ..................................................................................... 685
S. 139. Persons subject to certain Acts .......................................................................................... 687
S. 140. Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman .................................... 687
xxii THE INDIAN PENAL CODE
SECTIONS PAGES
CHAPTER VIII
OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE PUBLIC TRANQUILLITY
S. 141. Unlawful assembly ............................................................................................................ 689
S. 142. Being member of unlawful assembly ................................................................................ 690
S. 143. Punishment ........................................................................................................................ 690
S. 144. Joining unlawful assembly armed with deadly weapon .................................................... 705
S. 145. Joining or continuing in unlawful assembly, knowing it has been commanded to disperse ........................................................................................................................... 706
S. 146. Rioting ............................................................................................................................... 707
S. 147. Punishment for rioting....................................................................................................... 707
S. 148. Rioting, armed with deadly weapon .................................................................................. 717
S. 149. Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object ............................................................................................................... 723
S. 150. Hiring, or conniving at hiring, of persons to join unlawful assembly ............................... 774
S. 151. Knowingly joining or continuing in assembly of five or more persons after it has been commanded to disperse .......................................................................................... 776
S. 152. Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc................................. 779
S. 153. Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot—if rioting be committed : if not committed ................................................................................................................. 780
S. 153A. Promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony......................................................................................................................... 783
Offence committed in place of worship, etc...................................................................... 783
S. 153AA Punishment for knowingly carrying arms in any procession or organising, or holding or taking part in any mass drill or mass training with arms............................... 790
S. 153-B. Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration ................................................ 791
S. 154. Owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held .................................. 792
S. 155. Liability of person for whose benefit riot is committed .................................................... 793
S. 156. Liability of agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit riot is committed .................... 794
S. 157. Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly......................................................... 795
S. 158. Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly or riot; or to go armed ......................... 796
S. 159. Affray ............................................................................................................................... 797
S. 160. Punishment for committing affray..................................................................................... 797
CHAPTER IX
OF OFFENCES BY OR RELATING TO PUBLIC SERVANTS
Ss. 161 to 165-A. Omitted by Prevention of Corruption Act (Act 49 of 1988), Section 31 with effect from September, 9, 1988 .............................................................................. 805
S. 166. Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person ......................... 805
S. 167. Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury........................ 807
S. 168. Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade ..................................................................... 811
S. 169. Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property ................................................ 812
S. 170. Personating a public servant.............................................................................................. 814
S. 171. Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent ................ 817
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS xxiii
SECTIONS PAGES
CHAPTER IXA
OF OFFENCES RELATING TO ELECTIONS
S. 171-A. “Candidate”, “Electoral right”, defined .......................................................................... 819
S. 171-B. “Bribery” ........................................................................................................................ 820
S. 171-C. Undue influence at elections........................................................................................... 823
S. 171-D. Personation at elections .................................................................................................. 825
S. 171-E. Punishment for bribery ................................................................................................... 826
S. 171-F. Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election ....................................... 827
S. 171-G. False statement in connection with an election............................................................... 830
S. 171-H. Illegal payment in connection with an election .............................................................. 832
S. 171-I. Failure to keep election accounts.................................................................................... 833
CHAPTER X
OF CONTEMPTS OF THE LAWFUL AUTHORITY
OF PUBLIC SERVANTS
S. 172. Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding......................................... 835
S. 173. Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof............................................................................................................................ 837
S. 174. Non-attendance in obedience to an order from public servant .......................................... 839
S. 174-A Non-appearance in response to a proclamation under section 82 of Act 2 of 1974 .......... 846
S. 175. Omission to produce document to public servant by person legally bound to produce it ........................................................................................................................ 846
S. 176. Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it.......................................................................................................................... 850
S. 177. Furnishing false information ............................................................................................. 855
S. 178. Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it ................ 859
S. 179. Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question................................................. 860
S. 180. Refusing to sign statement................................................................................................. 864
S. 181. False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorized to administer an oath or affirmation.................................................................................... 867
S. 182. False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to the injury of another person............................................................................................ 868
S. 183. Resistance to the taking of property by the lawful authority of a public servant .............. 881
S. 184. Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant..................... 884
S. 185. Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant.......... 885
S. 186. Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions ............................................. 887
S. 187. Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance ......................... 896
S. 188. Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant .............................................. 899
S. 189. Threat of injury to public servant ...................................................................................... 909
S. 190. Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant............................................................................................................................ 912
CHAPTER XI
OF FALSE EVIDENCE AND OFFENCES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE
S. 191. Giving false evidence ........................................................................................................ 916
S. 192. Fabricating false evidence ................................................................................................. 929
xxiv THE INDIAN PENAL CODE
SECTIONS PAGES
S. 193. Punishment for false evidence........................................................................................... 936
S. 194. Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence ............................................................................................................................ 947
if innocent person be thereby convicted and executed ...................................................... 947
S. 195. Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence 1140punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment ........................................ 949
S. 195-A. Threatening or inducing any person to give false evidence .............................................. 951
S. 196. Using evidence known to be false ..................................................................................... 951
S. 197. Issuing or signing false certificate ..................................................................................... 954
S. 198. Using as true a certificate known to be false ..................................................................... 956
S. 199. False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence ................... 957
S. 200. Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false ....................................................... 962
S. 201. Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender ............................................................................................................... 963
if a capital offence .......................................................................................................... 963
if punishable with imprisonment for life ........................................................................ 963
if punishable with less than ten years’ imprisonment........................................................ 963
S. 202. Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform.............. 988
S. 203. Giving false information respecting an offence committed............................................... 990
S. 204. Destruction of document to prevent its production as evidence........................................ 991
S. 205. False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution........................ 993
S. 206. Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution ................................................................................................................ 996
S. 207. Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution ............... 1000
S. 208. Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due.................................................................. 1001
S. 209. Dishonestly making false claim in Court........................................................................... 1002
S. 210. Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due ................................................................. 1005
S. 211. False charge of offence made with intent to injure............................................................ 1009
S. 212. Harbouring offender;......................................................................................................... 1025
if a capital offence; ......................................................................................................... 1025
if punishable with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment....................................... 1025
S. 213. Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment.................................................. 1029
if a capital offence; ............................................................................................................ 1029
if punishable with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment....................................... 1029
S. 214. Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender................ 1031
if a capital offence; ............................................................................................................ 1031
if punishable with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment....................................... 1032
S. 215. Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc............................................................. 1033
S. 216. Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered ................................................................................................................... 1038
if a capital offence ............................................................................................................. 1038
if punishable with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment....................................... 1038
S. 216-A. Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits ......................................................................... 1041
S. 216-B. Defnition of “harbour” in Sections 212, 216 and 216A. [Repealed by Act VIII of 1942, S. 3]....................................................................................................................... 1042
S. 217. Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture.......................................................................... 1042
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS xxv
SECTIONS PAGES
S. 218. Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture.......................................................................... 1044
S. 219. Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report etc. contrary to law.......... 1049
S. 220. Commitment for trial or confinement by per-son having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law............................................................................................. 1051
S. 221. Intentional omission to apprehend on the part of public servant bound to apprehend ....................................................................................................................... 1054
S. 222. Intentional omission to apprehend on the part of public servant bound to apprehend person under sentence or lawfully committed............................................... 1056
S. 223. Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant ................... 1058
S. 224. Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension .................................... 1061
S. 225. Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person ................................ 1066
S. 225-A. Omission to apprehend or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for.............................................................................................. 1070
S. 225-B. Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension, or escape or rescue, in cases not otherwise provided for.................................................................................................... 1071
S. 226. [Omitted by Act XXVI of 1955, S. 117 and Sch.] ........................................................... 1074
S. 227. Violation of condition of remission of punishment........................................................... 1074
S. 228. Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding.............. 1075
S. 228-A. Disclosure of identity of the victim of certain offences. etc.............................................. 1085
S. 229. Personation of a juror or assessor...................................................................................... 1087
S. 229-A. Failure by person released on bail or bond to appear in Court.......................................... 1088
CHAPTER XII
OF OFFENCES RELATING TO COIN AND
GOVERNMENT STAMPS
S. 230. “Coin” defined................................................................................................................... 1090
S. 231. Counterfeiting coin............................................................................................................ 1091
S. 232. Counterfeiting Indian coin................................................................................................. 1092
S. 233. Making or selling instrument for counter-feiting coin ...................................................... 1093
S. 234. Making or selling instrument for counter-feiting Indian coin ........................................... 1094
S. 235. Possession of instrument or material for the purpose of using the same for counterfeiting coin.......................................................................................................... 1095
if Indian coin ..................................................................................................................... 1095
S. 236. Abetting in India the counterfeiting out of India of coin................................................... 1098
S. 237. Import or export of counterfeit coin .................................................................................. 1099
S. 238. Import or export of counterfeits of Indian coin ................................................................. 1100
S. 239. Delivery of coin, possessed with knowledge that it is counterfeit..................................... 1101
S. 240. Delivery of Indian coin, possessed with knowledge that it is counterfeit ......................... 1103
S. 241. Delivery of coin as genuine, which, when first possessed, the deliverer did not know to be counterfeit .................................................................................................... 1105
S. 242. Possession of counterfeit coin by person who knew it to be counterfeit when he became possessed thereof ............................................................................................... 1106
S. 243. Possession of Indian coin by person who knew it to be counterfeit when he became possessed thereof ............................................................................................... 1107
S. 244. Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law..................................................................................................... 1111
S. 245. Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint .............................................................. 1111
xxvi THE INDIAN PENAL CODE
SECTIONS PAGES
S. 246. Fraudulently or dishonestly diminishing weight or altering composition of coin ............. 1112
S. 247. Fraudulently or dishonestly diminishing weight or altering composition of Indian coin ................................................................................................................................ 1113
S. 248. Altering appearance of coin with intent that it shall pass as coin of different description ...................................................................................................................... 1114
S. 249. Altering appearance of Indian coin with intent that it shall pass as coin of different description ...................................................................................................................... 1115
S. 250. Delivery of coin possessed with knowledge that it is altered ............................................ 1115
S. 251. Delivery of Indian coin, possessed with knowledge that it is altered................................ 1116
S. 252. Possession of coin by person who knew it to be altered when he became possessed thereof............................................................................................................................ 1117
S. 253. Possession of Indian coin by person who knew it to be altered when he became possessed thereof ............................................................................................................ 1118
S. 254. Delivery of coin as genuine which, when first possessed, the deliverer did not know to be altered........................................................................................................... 1118
S. 255. Counterfeiting Government stamp .................................................................................... 1119
S. 256. Having possession of instrument or material for counterfeiting Government stamp ........ 1120
S. 257. Making or selling instrument for counterfeiting Government stamp ................................ 1121
S. 258. Sale of counterfeit Government stamp .............................................................................. 1121
S. 259. Having possession of counterfeit Government stamp ....................................................... 1123
S. 260. Using as genuine a Government stamp known to be counterfeit ...................................... 1124
S. 261. Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government......................... 1125
S. 262. Using Government stamp known to have been before used.............................................. 1126
S. 263. Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used.......................................................... 1126
S. 263-A. Prohibition of fictitious stamps.......................................................................................... 1128
CHAPTER XIII
OF OFFENCES RELATING TO WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
S. 264. Fraudulent use of false instrument for weighing ............................................................... 1131
S. 265. Fraudulent use of false weight or measure ........................................................................ 1131
S. 266. Being in possession of false weight or measure ................................................................ 1134
S. 267. Making or selling false weight or measure........................................................................ 1135
CHAPTER XIV
OF OFFENCES AFFECTING THE PUBLIC HEALTH, SAFETY,
CONVENIENCE, DECENCY AND MORALS
S. 268. Public nuisance.................................................................................................................. 1137
S. 269. Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life ................................ 1144
S. 270. Malignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life................................ 1146
S. 271. Disobedience to quarantine rule ........................................................................................ 1147
S. 272. Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale................................................................. 1148
S. 273. Sale of noxious food or drink ............................................................................................ 1152
S. 274. Adulteration of drugs......................................................................................................... 1154
S. 275. Sale of adulterated drugs ................................................................................................... 1155
S. 276. Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation.................................................................. 1157
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS xxvii
SECTIONS PAGES
S. 277. Fouling water of public spring or reservior ....................................................................... 1159
S. 278. Making atmosphere noxious to health............................................................................... 1161
S. 279. Rash driving or riding on a public way ............................................................................. 1162
S. 280. Rash navigation of vessel .................................................................................................. 1182
S. 281. Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy.............................................................................. 1184
S. 282. Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel................................. 1185
S. 283. Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation................................................ 1186
S. 284. Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance.................................................... 1189
S. 285. Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter........................................... 1191
S. 286. Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance .................................................... 1193
S. 287. Negligent conduct with respect to machinery ................................................................... 1195
S. 288. Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down or repairing buildings ........................... 1197
S. 289. Negligent conduct with respect to animal ......................................................................... 1198
S. 290. Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for................................ 1202
S. 291. Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue................................................... 1207
S. 292. Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc ........................................................................................ 1208
S. 293. Sale, etc., of obscene objects to young person .................................................................. 1227
S. 294. Obscene acts and songs ..................................................................................................... 1228
S. 294-A. Keeping lottery office........................................................................................................ 1233
CHAPTER XV
OF OFFENCES RELATING TO RELIGION
S. 295. Injuring or defiling place of worship with intent to insult the religion of any class.......... 1243
S. 295-A. Deliberate and malicious acts intended to outrage religious feelings of any class, by insulting its religion or religious beliefs .................................................................... 1247
S. 296. Disturbing religious assembly ........................................................................................... 1253
S. 297. Trespassing on burial places, etc ....................................................................................... 1255
S. 298. Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings ........................... 1259
CHAPTER XVI
OF OFFENCES AFFECTING THE HUMAN BODY
Of offences affecting life
S. 299. Culpable homicide............................................................................................................. 1263
S. 300. Murder.............................................................................................................................. 1295
S. 301. Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was
intended .......................................................................................................................... 1394
S. 302. Punishment for murder ...................................................................................................... 1398
S. 303. Punishment for murder by life-convict.............................................................................. 1656
S. 304. Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder............................................ 1657
S. 304-A. Causing death by negligence ............................................................................................. 1687
S. 304-B. Dowry death ...................................................................................................................... 1709
S. 305. Abetment of suicide of child or insane person .................................................................. 1733
S. 306. Abetment of suicide........................................................................................................... 1734
S. 307. Attempt to murder ............................................................................................................. 1753
S. 308. Attempt to commit culpable homicide............................................................................... 1783
xxviii THE INDIAN PENAL CODE
SECTIONS PAGES
S. 309. Attempt to commit suicide................................................................................................. 1787
S. 310. Thug.................................................................................................................................. 1792
S. 311. Punishment ........................................................................................................................ 1792
Of the Causing of Miscarriage, of Injuries to Unborn Children, of the
Exposure of Infants, and of the Concealment of Births
S. 312. Causing miscarriage .......................................................................................................... 1792
S. 313. Causing miscarriage without woman’s consent ................................................................ 1797
S. 314. Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage............................................... 1799
S. 315. Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause it to die after birth................................................................................................................................ 1801
S. 316. Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpable homicide.................. 1803
S. 317. Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years, by parent or person having care of it .............................................................................................................. 1805
S. 318. Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body ...................................................... 1809
S. 319. Hurt .................................................................................................................................. 1812
S. 320. Grievous hurt..................................................................................................................... 1817
S. 321. Voluntarily causing hurt .................................................................................................... 1827
S. 322. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt ..................................................................................... 1829
S. 323. Punishment for voluntarily causing hurt ........................................................................... 1830
S. 324. Voluntarily causing hurt by dangerous weapons or means ............................................... 1844
S. 325. Punishment for voluntarily causing grievous hurt............................................................. 1859
S. 326. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means ................................ 1866
S. 327. Voluntarily causing hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act..................... 1886
S. 328. Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence......................... 1888
S. 329. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act .................................................................................................................................. 1892
S. 330. Voluntarily causing hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property......... 1894
S. 331. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort confession or to compel restoration of property.......................................................................................................................... 1899
S. 332. Voluntarily causing hurt to deter public servant from his duty ......................................... 1899
S. 333. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty .......................... 1905
S. 334. Voluntarily causing hurt on provocation ........................................................................... 1907
S. 335. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt on provocation ............................................................ 1908
S. 336. Act endangering life or personal safety of others.............................................................. 1910
S. 337. Causing hurt by act endangering life or personal safety of others .................................... 1913
S. 338. Causing grievous hurt by act endangering life or personal safety of others...................... 1919
Of Wrongful Restraint and Wrongful Confinement S. 339. Wrongful restraint ............................................................................................................. 1920
S. 340. Wrongful confinement....................................................................................................... 1927
S. 341. Punishment for wrongful restraint..................................................................................... 1933
S. 342. Punishment for wrongful confinement .............................................................................. 1935
S. 343. Wrongful confinement for three or more days .................................................................. 1938
S. 344. Wrongful confinement for ten or more days ..................................................................... 1939
S. 345. Wrongful confinement of person for whose liberation writ has been issued .................... 1940
S. 346. Wrongful confinement in secret ........................................................................................ 1943
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS xxix
SECTIONS PAGES
S. 347. Wrongful confinement to extort property or constrain to illegal act ................................. 1943
S. 348. Wrongful confinement to extort confession or compel restoration of property ................ 1945
Of Criminal Force and Assault S. 349. Force................................................................................................................................. 1947
S. 350. Criminal force.................................................................................................................... 1948
S. 351. Assault ............................................................................................................................... 1950
S. 352. Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation................ 1955
S. 353. Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty.................... 1958
S. 354. Assault or criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty........................... 1963
S. 355. Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour person, otherwise than on grave provocation ..................................................................................................................... 1977
S. 356. Assault or criminal force attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person........... 1978
S. 357. Assault or criminal force in attempt wrongfully to confine a person ................................ 1979
S. 358. Assault or criminal force on grave provocation ................................................................ 1980
Of Kidnapping, Abduction, Slavery and Forced Labour S. 359. Kidnapping ........................................................................................................................ 1981
S. 360. Kidnapping from India ...................................................................................................... 1982
S. 361. Kidnapping from lawful guardianship............................................................................... 1983
S. 362. Abduction .......................................................................................................................... 2002
S. 363. Punishment for kidnapping................................................................................................ 2006
S. 363-A. Kidnapping or maiming a minor for purposes of begging ................................................ 2013
S. 364. Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder ..................................................................... 2015
S. 364-A. Kidnapping for ransom, etc. .............................................................................................. 2022
S. 365. Kidnapping or abducting with intent secretly and wrongfully to confine person ............. 2025
S. 366. Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage, etc.......................... 2027
S. 366-A. Procuration of minor girl ................................................................................................... 2044
S. 366-B. Importation of girl from foreign country........................................................................... 2050
S. 367. Kidnapping or abducting in order to subject person to grievous hurt, slavery, etc ........... 2051
S. 368. Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person ......... 2053
S. 369. Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years with intent to steal from its person ......... 2054
S. 370. Buying or disposing of any person as a slave.................................................................... 2055
S. 371. Habitual dealing in slaves.................................................................................................. 2058
S. 372. Selling minor for purposes of prostitution, etc .................................................................. 2059
S. 373. Buying minor for purposes of prostitution, etc.................................................................. 2064
S. 374. Unlawful compulsory labour ............................................................................................. 2068
Sexual Offences
S. 375. Rape.................................................................................................................................. 2069
S. 376. Punishment for rape........................................................................................................... 2070
S. 376-A. Intercourse by a man with his wife during separation....................................................... 2169
S. 376-B. Intercourse by public servant with woman in his custody................................................. 2171
S. 376-C. Intercourse by superintendent of jail, remand home, etc................................................... 2172
S. 376-D. Intercourse by any member of the management or staff of a hospital with any woman in that hospital.................................................................................................... 2172
xxx THE INDIAN PENAL CODE
SECTIONS PAGES
Of Unnatural Offences
S. 377. Unnatural offences............................................................................................................. 2173
CHAPTER XVII
OF OFFENCES AGAINST PROPERTY
Of Theft
S. 378. Theft ................................................................................................................................. 2179
S. 379. Punishment for theft .......................................................................................................... 2180
S. 380. Theft in dwelling-house, etc .............................................................................................. 2214
S. 381. Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master........................................... 2218
S. 382. Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to the committing of the theft ................................................................................................... 2219
Of Extortion
S. 383. Extortion........................................................................................................................... 2220
S. 384. Punishment for extortion ................................................................................................... 2221
S. 385. Putting person in fear of injury in order to commit extortion............................................ 2230
S. 386. Extortion by putting a person in fear of death or grievous hurt ........................................ 2232
S. 387. Putting person in fear of death or of grievous hurt, in order to commit extortion............. 2232
S. 388. Extortion by threat of accusation of an offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life, etc ............................................................................................... 2234
S. 389. Putting person in fear of accusation of offence, in order to commit extortion .................. 2235
Of Robbery and Dacoity
S. 390. Robbery ............................................................................................................................. 2236
When theft is robbery ........................................................................................................ 2236
When extortion is robbery ................................................................................................. 2237
S. 391. Dacoity .............................................................................................................................. 2243
S. 392. Punishment for robbery ..................................................................................................... 2246
S. 393. Attempt to commit robbery ............................................................................................... 2255
S. 394. Voluntarily causing hurt in committing robbery ............................................................... 2256
S. 395. Punishment for dacoity...................................................................................................... 2262
S. 396. Dacoity with murder.......................................................................................................... 2279
S. 397. Robbery or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt .................................... 2292
S. 398. Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon......................... 2300
S. 399. Making preparation to commit dacoity.............................................................................. 2301
S. 400. Punishment for belonging to gang of dacoits .................................................................... 2308
S. 401. Punishment for belonging to gang of thieves .................................................................... 2310
S. 402. Assembling for purpose of committing dacoity ................................................................ 2314
Of Criminal Misappropriation of Property
S. 403. Dishonest misappropriation of property ............................................................................ 2318
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS xxxi
SECTIONS PAGES
S. 404. Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time
of his death ..................................................................................................................... 2328
Of Criminal Breach of Trust
S. 405. Criminal breach of trust..................................................................................................... 2230
S. 406. Punishment for criminal breach of trust ............................................................................ 2333
S. 407. Criminal breach of trust by carrier, etc.............................................................................. 2366
S. 408. Criminal breach of trust by clerk or servant ...................................................................... 2367
S. 409. Criminal breach of trust by public servant, or by banker, merchant or agent.................... 2373
Of the Receiving of Stolen Property
S. 410. Stolen Property .................................................................................................................. 2393
S. 411. Dishonestly receiving stolen property ............................................................................... 2395
S. 412. Dishonestly receiving property stolen in the commission of a dacoity ............................. 2411
S. 413. Habitually dealing in stolen property ................................................................................ 2417
S. 414. Assisting in concealment of stolen property...................................................................... 2419
Of Cheating
S. 415. Cheating............................................................................................................................ 2421
S. 416. Cheating by personation .................................................................................................... 2450
S. 417. Punishment for cheating .................................................................................................... 2453
S. 418. Cheating with knowledge that wrongful loss may ensue to person whose interest offender is bound to protect............................................................................................ 2454
S. 419. Punishment for cheating by personation ........................................................................... 2455
S. 420. Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property................................................... 2457
Of Fraudulent Deeds and Dispositions of Property
S. 421. Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors .............................................................................................................. 2483
S. 422. Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors ....................... 2485
S. 423. Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration.................................................................................................................. 2488
S. 424. Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property ........................................... 2491
Of Mischief
S. 425. Mischief............................................................................................................................ 2493
S. 426. Punishment for mischief.................................................................................................... 2495
S. 427. Mischief causing damage to the amount of fifty rupees.................................................... 2510
S. 428. Mischief by killing or maiming animal of the value of ten rupees.................................... 2512
S. 429. Mischief by killing or maiming cattle, etc., of any value or any animal of the value of fifty rupees.................................................................................................................. 2513
S. 430. Mischief by injury to works of irrigation or by wrongfully diverting water ..................... 2517
S. 431. Mischief by injury to public road, bridge, river or channel............................................... 2521
S. 432. Mischief by causing inundation or obstruction to public drainage attended with damage........................................................................................................................... 2521
xxxii THE INDIAN PENAL CODE
SECTIONS PAGES
S. 433. Mischief by destroying, moving or rendering less useful a light-house or sea-mark ........ 2522
S. 434. Mischief by destroying or moving, etc., a land-mark fixed by public authority ............... 2522
S. 435. Mischief by fire or explosive substance with intent to cause damage to amount of one hundred or (in case of agricultural produce) ten rupees........................................... 2524
S. 436. Mischief by fire or explosive substance with intent to destroy house, etc ........................ 2527
S. 437. Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden ..................................................................................................................... 2532
S. 438. Punishment for the mischief described in Section 437 committed by fire or explosive substance ........................................................................................................ 2533
S. 439. Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc ............................................................................................................. 2534
S. 440. Mischief committed after preparation made for causing death or hurt.............................. 2535
Of Criminal Tresspass
S. 441. Criminal trespass ............................................................................................................... 2537
S. 442. House-trespass................................................................................................................... 2554
S. 443. Lurking house-trespass...................................................................................................... 2559
S. 444. Lurking house-trespass by night........................................................................................ 2560
S. 445. House-breaking ................................................................................................................. 2560
S. 446. House-breaking by night ................................................................................................... 2564
S. 447. Punishment for criminal trespass....................................................................................... 2565
S. 448. Punishment for house-trespass .......................................................................................... 2568
S. 449. House-trespass in order to commit offence punishable with death ................................... 2570
S. 450. House-trespass in order to commit offence punishable with imprisonment for life.......... 2572
S. 451. House-trespass in order to commit offence punishable with imprisonment...................... 2573
S. 452. House-trespass after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint ........................... 2575
S. 453. Punishment for lurking house-trespass or house-breaking................................................ 2580
S. 454. Lurking house-trespass or house-breaking in order to commit offence punishable with imprisonment .......................................................................................................... 2580
S. 455. Lurking house-trespass or house-breaking after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint ........................................................................................................... 2583
S. 456. Punishment for lurking house-trespass or house-breaking by night.................................. 2584
S. 457. Lurking house-trespass or house-breaking by night in order to commit offence punishable with imprisonment........................................................................................ 2588
S. 458. Lurking house-trespass or house-breaking by night after preparation for hurt, assault, or wrongful restraint .......................................................................................... 2593
S. 459. Grievous hurt caused whilst committing lurking house-trespass or house-breaking ........ 2595
S. 460. All persons jointly concerned in lurking house-trespass or house-breaking by night punishable where death or grievous hurt caused by one of them ................................... 2597
S. 461. Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property............................................... 2599
S. 462. Punishment for same offence when committed by person entrusted with custody ........... 2600
Chapter XVIII
OF OFFENCES RELATING TO DOCUMENTS AND
TO PROPERTY MARKS
S. 463. Forgery .............................................................................................................................. 2601
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS xxxiii
SECTIONS PAGES
S. 464. Making a false document................................................................................................... 2601
S. 465. Punishment for forgery...................................................................................................... 2604
S. 466. Forgery of record of Court or of public register, etc ......................................................... 2624
S. 467. Forgery of valuable security, will, etc ............................................................................... 2629
S. 468. Forgery for purpose of cheating ........................................................................................ 2635
S. 469. Forgery for purpose of harming reputation ....................................................................... 2639
S. 470. Forged document [or electronic record] ............................................................................ 2640
S. 471. Using as genuine a forged document [or electronic record].............................................. 2640
S. 472. Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery, punishable under Section 467......................................................................................... 2652
S. 473. Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable otherwise ...................................................................................................... 2653
S. 474. Having possession of document or electronic record described in Section 466 or 467, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it as genuine .................................... 2654
S. 475. Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in Section 467, or possessing counterfeit marked material................................................. 2656
S. 476. Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents other than those described in Section 467, or possessing counterfeit marked material ............................ 2658
S. 477. Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt or valuable security........................................................................................................................... 2658
S. 477-A. Falsification of accounts.................................................................................................... 2661
Of Property and Other Marks
S. 478. [Omitted by Act XLIII of 1958, S. 135 and Schedule.] .................................................... 2671
S. 479. Property mark .................................................................................................................... 2671
S. 480. [Omitted by Act XLIII of 1958, S. 135 and Schedule.] .................................................... 2672
S. 481. Using a false property mark............................................................................................... 2672
S. 482. Punishment for using a false property mark ...................................................................... 2674
S. 483. Counterfeiting a property mark used by another ............................................................... 2675
S. 484. Counterfeiting a mark used by a public servant ................................................................ 2676
S. 485. Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark.................... 2677
S. 486. Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark.................................................... 2678
S. 487. Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods ............................................. 2680
S. 488. Punishment for making use of any such false mark .......................................................... 2681
S. 489. Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury ............................................... 2682
Of Currency-note and Bank-Notes
S. 489-A. Counterfeiting currency-notes or bank-notes .................................................................... 2682
S. 489-B. Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit currency-notes or bank-notes ............................. 2685
S. 489-C. Possession of forged or counterfeit currency-notes or bank-notes.................................... 2688
S. 489-D. Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting currency-notes or bank-notes.......................................................................................... 2693
S. 489-E. Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes ............................ 2696
xxxiv THE INDIAN PENAL CODE
SECTIONS PAGES
Chapter XIX
OF THE CRIMINAL BREACH OF CONTRACTS OF SERVICE
S. 490. [Breach of contract of service during voyage or journey. Repealed by Act III of 1925].............................................................................................................................. 2697
S. 491. Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person ............................... 2697
S. 492. [Breach of contract to serve at distant place to which servant is conveyed at master’s expense. Repealed by Act III of 1925]............................................................. 2698
Chapter XX
OF OFFENCES RELATING TO MARRIAGE
S. 493. Cohabitation caused by a man deceitfully inducing a belief of lawful marriage............... 2699
S. 494. Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife........................................................... 2702
S. 495. Same offence with concealment of former marriage from person with whom subsequent marriage is contracted .................................................................................. 2728
S. 496. Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage.......................... 2729
S. 497. Adultery............................................................................................................................ 2731
S. 498. Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman.................... 2739
Chapter XX-A
OF CRUELTY BY HUSBAND OR RELATIVES OF HUSBAND
S. 498-A. Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty ............................. 2747
Chapter XXI
OF DEFAMATION
S. 499. Defamation ........................................................................................................................ 2775
First Exception—Imputation of truth which public good requires to be made or published........................................................................................................................ 2775
Second Exception—Public conduct of public servants ..................................................... 2775
Third Exception—Conduct of any person touching any public question.......................... 2776
Fourth Exception—Publication of reports of proceedings of Courts ................................ 2776
Fifth Exception—Merits of a case decided in Court or con- duct of witnesses and others concerned ............................................................................................................. 2776
Sixth Exception—Merits of public performance............................................................... 2776
Seventh Exception—Censure passed in good faith by person having lawful
authority over another..................................................................................................... 2777
Eighth Exception—Accusation preferred in good faith to authorised person ................... 2777
Ninth Exception—Imputation made in good faith by person for protection of his or other’s interests............................................................................................................... 2777
Tenth Exception—Caution intended for good of person to whom conveyed or for
public good ..................................................................................................................... 2777
S. 500. Punishment for defamation................................................................................................ 2777
S. 501. Printing or engraving matter known to be defamatory...................................................... 2826
S. 502. Sale of printed or engraved substance containing defamatory matter ............................... 2828
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS xxxv
SECTIONS PAGES
Chapter XXII
OF CRIMINAL INTIMIDATION, INSULT AND ANNOYANCE
S. 503. Criminal intimidation ........................................................................................................ 2829
S. 504. Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of the peace............................................ 2834
S. 505. Statements conducing to public mischief .......................................................................... 2840
Statements creating or promoting enmity, hatred or ill-will be- tween classes ................. 2841
Offence under sub-section (2) committed in place of worship etc .................................... 2841
S. 506. Punishment for criminal intimidation ................................................................................ 2843
If threat be to cause death or grievous hurt, etc................................................................. 2843
S. 507. Criminal intimidation by an anonymous communication.................................................. 2846
S. 508. Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of
Divine displeasure .......................................................................................................... 2847
S. 509. Word, gesture or act intended to insult the modesty of a woman...................................... 2849
S. 510. Misconduct in public by a drunken person........................................................................ 2852
Chapter XXIII
OF ATTEMPTS TO COMMIT OFFENCES
S. 511. Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment .............................................................................................. 2855